Casimir III

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Casimir III (1310-1370) was King of Poland from 1333 to 1370. Though he would be the last king of the Piast line, he earned the nickname "the Great" for his wisdom, generosity, and diplomacy. Son of Ladislaus I "the Elbow-High", Casimir inherited a weakened and fractured kingdom, threatened on all sides by powerful enemies. Through both skillful diplomacy and warfare, he managed to secure important allies, negotiate a peace with his Bohemian and Teutonic rivals, and add Red Ruthenia to the kingdom's territory. Throughout his reign, Casimir greatly reformed the Polish legal code, resurrected the struggling economy, and worked to unite the disparate regions of Poland. He built over 50 castles, including the famed Trail of the Eagles' Nests, and founded several towns. For the latter, he adopted the German "Magdeburg law", granting Poland's towns the right of self-governance. Nicknamed "the Peasants' King," Casimir was an ardent champion of the common people. His Wiślica Statutes created a unified legal code for Poland that, while not universally adopted, protected the rights of peasants. He also placed great importance in education, founding the University of Krakow (nowadays Jagiellon University), Poland's first university and one of the oldest in Europe. Casimir the Great passed away in 1370, one of the greatest and most beloved kings in Polish history. He left behind a wealthy and powerful kingdom, laying the groundwork for the mighty Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth soon to come.
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Wielki Król
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